Rachel Anne Doležal,also known as Nkechi Amare Diallo (born November 12, 1977) is an American former civil rights activist known for being exposed as Caucasian while falsely claiming to be a black woman. Doležal was president of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter in Spokane, Washington, from February 7, 2014 until June 15, 2015 when she resigned amid suspicion she had lied about nine alleged hate crimes against her. She received further public scrutiny when her white parents publicly stated that Doležal was a white woman passing as black.

The statement by Doležal's parents in June 2015 followed Doležal's reports to police and local news media that she had been the victim of hate crimes;however, a subsequent police investigation did not support Doležal's allegations.Doležal, who maintains that she identifies as black, fueled a national debate in the United States about racial identity. She has been criticized for having committed cultural appropriation and fraud, with others applauding her goals. In a November 2015 television interview, Doležal publicly stated for the first time since the controversy began that she was born white but still identified as black.

In the aftermath of the controversy, Doležal was dismissed from her position as an instructor in Africana studies at Eastern Washington University and removed by the city council as chair of the police ombudsman commission over "a pattern of misconduct." She subsequently published her memoir, In Full Color, where she defended her claims and compared her own experiences to slavery.Netflix has released a documentary on Doležal, The Rachel Divide.

After being charged by the state of Washington with felony theft, perjury and welfare fraud in May 2018, Dolezal reported to the Spokane County Jail on July 2, 2018 to be booked on the same charges. Per a judge's orders, she was released the same day.

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